Artwork
Digital graphics, the design to be printed in vector graphics format (pdf, ai)
Barrier
A multilayer film with outstanding ability of closing out gas, water vapour (moisture), mineral oils, aroma and light from the packed goods.
Brightness
Brightness is the percentage of reflected light from a film, which has been exposed to direct light in a specified incidence angle.
COF (Coefficient on friction)
Coefficient on friction. The friction is measured between the contact surfaces of the film, most commonly in 4 ways: inside of the film/inside of the film, outside of the film/outside of the film, inside of the film/metal surface, outside of the film/metal surface.
Colour sample
Reference sample, which is used for print preparation and setup at print approval.
Colour separation
During print preparation the artwork is separated for contributing colours which will be printed by different printing plates. Overprinting colours form the print view.
Core
Plastic or paper based cores are used for winding the finished packaging film to the requested length. The standard cores has 3" (76 mm) and 6" (152 mm) diameter.
Core wall thickness (mm)
The wall thickness of the winding core, defines the outside dimension of the core. E.g. 7 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 20 mm
Cromalin
Digital Cromalin - GMG Proof, paper proof created by a photographic technique for CMYK colour matching. If customer print approval is not possible on site, the GMG proof might be used for approving process colours.
Delamination
The adhesion between laminated layers is not sufficient to keep the films together.
Density
The density of a substance is its mass per unit volume. Usual dimensions are g/cm3 or kg/m3.
Direct colour
Defined by Pantone chart or customer colour target.
Elongation at break
The maximum elongation of the material in percentage before the point of tearing.
Endless print
Using an endless sleeve we can avoid unprinted gap between the designs printed on a reel.
Eye-mark
The same as cut off sign or photocell mark, used for triggering the cut and seal process on the packing line. The shape of an eye mark is usually a rectangle, which is part of the artwork.
Flexo printing
A printing method that uses flexible relief plates/clichés, which transfers the ink from the anilox roller to the substrate.
Gradiation
Continuous change of one or more colour's density gradually and smoothly, not in sharp steps. Also called gradient or vignette.
Gravure printing
A printing method that uses engraved cylinders. The image areas are engraved into the surface of the cylinder, creating deeper cells. These collect the ink, the excess ink is cleared from the non-image areas by a doctor blade. The film is passed between the gravure cylinder and a rubber-coated impression roller andthe ink is transferred to the substrate.
Haze
The haze is the percentage of deflected light transmitted through a film. This property is used to describe transparent films. The lower this value, the clearer the film.
Lamination
Joining different base films by adhesive in order to utilize their advantages.
Lpi or Lpc
Screen density, line per inch or line per centimeter. Number of screen lines per 1 inch (25,4 mm) or 1 cm.
Material overall thickness (µm)
Thickness of one layer film or multilayer film laminates including adhesive and printing ink. Thickness dimension is micron.
Migration
In case of packaging materials the migration means a component (e.g slip or antistatic agent) transition from a packaging film into the packed good or into other film layers.
Number of reels/pallet
Number of reels placed on a pallet next to each other, multiplied by the number of reels packed vertically on each other.
Number of ups
Number of printed designs perpendicularly placed to the web direction.
Offset printing
A printing method that uses an intermediate carrier to transfer the design from the original offset plate to the substrate. The printed design is transferred first to a rubber blanket, and the blanket then transfers the ink to surface.
Opacity
This is a percentage value of how the film can cover the printed surface on its other side. With other words this is the "see through" property of a film. The higher the opacity, the lower the "see through".
Pallet type
EURO pallet, plastic pallet, CHEP pallet, unique pallet etc.
Pantone colour chart
The Pantone Colour chart is a standardized colour reproduction system, ensures easy definition and matching of direct CMYK colours.
Pigment
Colour component of the inks, adding solvent and binder. Pigments are fine ground, insoluble, organic (e.g dried flower leafs) or inorganic (titanium-dioxide) particles.
Print approval
Print view and colour set up in presence of the customer or its representative. The adjusted print is approved and signed by the customer and will be used as reference for further print runs.
Print layout sheet
1:1 scale view of printed design and dieline of the pack, can be used only for dimension, print position and text orientation quick check.
Printing plate / cliché
Photopolymer based, flexible intermediate relief plate between anilox cylinder and substrate. The printing ink is transferred from the plate to the film directly.
Printing side (reverse/direct/both)
Printing side of the film. In case of reverse printing the ink is closed between the lamitate layers, while direct surface printing is done on the outer surface of the film. Both side printing is usually a reverse color print combined with a surface lacquer.
Process colours
C - cyan, M - magenta, Y - yellow, K - black. Base for 4-colour print.
Raw material types
Most commonly used raw materials are: PE - polyethylene, AL - aluminum, OPP - oriented polypropylene, CPP - cast polypropylene, PET - polyester, PA - polyamide and these coated or metalized versions.
Reel width (mm)
The cut width of the film, as required by the customer specification.
Repro work
Processing of graphical data file to prepare plate making and printing.
Screen
The printed picture is built up from small ink dots, which are conveyed by the fine raster cells or screening of printing plate. One point of the picture is created by close dots of CMYK colours, rotated by a certain screening angle, resulting the view and colour of the print. The dot size defines the colour intensity. The picture dots are individually not visible, the complex view is created in our brain.
Sealing pressure (bar)
Sealing jaw pressure keeps the film parts under contact pressure for heat distribution and sealing.
Sealing time (s or ms)
During this time the packing line sealing jaws are closed for heat distribution and sealing.
Sealing type (in/in, in/out)
Most commonly fin seal or lap seal formats are used on the commercial packing bags. Fin seal means an inside-inside contact while lap seal is an inside-outside contact.
Solvent based lamination
Lamination with adding solvent to the adhesive components in order to enhance chemical and mechanical resistance. The solvent is evaporated by heated air during the laminantion process.
Solvent
In flexo printing technology commonly used solvents are ethanol and ethyl acetate. Solvent is used for adjusting the viscosity and drying of the printing ink.
Technical waste
Technical waste is generated during job setups phase, which will be removed from the finished product.
Tensile strength
Laminated or mono films are characterized by resistance against tearing force. The tensile strength is the maximal tearing force that can be withstood by the material before tearing.
White backing
In order to increase colour intensity and ease colour setup usually a full or partial white overprint is applied. This is the last ink layer on the print.
Winding direction
The winding direction determines the running direction of the packing film on the filling line. It defines the orientation of the text and pictures on the design as well as the side of the eye mark sign. Winding schemes are used for indicating the right winding direction.